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Neuro-Oncology 2008 10(6):1035-1039; doi:10.1215/15228517-2008-069
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Copyright 2008 by the Society for Neuro-Oncology

Postradiation lumbosacral radiculopathy with spinal root cavernomas mimicking carcinomatous meningitis

Francois Ducray, Rémy Guillevin, Dimitri Psimaras, Marc Sanson, Karima Mokhtari, Sylvie Delanian, Soledad Navarro, Thierry Maisonobe, Philippe Cornu, Khê Hoang-Xuan, Jean-Yves Delattre and Pierre-Francois Pradat

Service de Neurologie Mazarin (F.D., D.P., M.S., K.H.-X., J.-Y.D.), Service de Neuroradiologie (R.G.), Service de Neuropathologie (K.M.), Service de Neurochirurgie (S.N., P.C.), Fédération de Neurophysiologie Clinique (T.M.), and Fédération des Maladies du Système Nerveux (P.-F.P.), APHP, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; INSERM U711 (F.D., M.S., K.H.-X., J.-Y.D.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; and Service d'Oncologie-Radiothérapie, APHP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris (S.D.); France

Address correspondence to Pierre-Francois Pradat, APHP, Fédération des Maladies du Système Nerveux, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83, Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris, France (pierre-francois.pradat{at}psl.aphp.fr).


  Abstract

Lumbosacral radiculopathy is a rare complication of radiotherapy and may be challenging to differentiate from diagnosis of a tumor recurrence. We reviewed the records of three patients with a past history of cancer and radiotherapy who were referred for suspicion of carcinomatous meningitis on lumbar MRI, but whose final diagnosis was radiation-induced lumbosacral radiculopathy. The three patients developed a progressive lumbosacral radiculopathy at 20, 13, and 47 years after lumbar radiotherapy delivered for renal cancer, Hodgkin's disease, and a seminoma, respectively. MRI showed a diffuse, nodular enhancement of the cauda equina nerve roots on T1 sequences, suggestive of leptomeningeal metastasis. A slowly progressive clinical course over several years and negative cerebrospinal fluid cytologic analysis ruled out the diagnosis of carcinomatous meningitis. Because of the radiologic findings, a biopsy was performed in two patients. In the first, a biopsy limited to the arachnoid excluded a malignant infiltration. In the second, a biopsy of the enhancing lesions demonstrated spinal root cavernomas. These observations, together with three recent case reports in the literature, delineate a syndrome of "radiationinduced lumbosacral radiculopathy with multiple spinal root cavernomas" that mimics carcinomatous meningitis on MRI. Its diagnosis is important in order to avoid inappropriate treatment and useless or dangerous spinal root biopsies.

Keywords: carcinomatous meningitis, cauda equina, cavernoma, radiotherapy

Received January 30, 2008; Accepted July 22, 2008


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